Aldehyde | Definition, Structure, Examples, & Facts | Britannica
2024年11月15日 · Aldehyde, any of a class of organic compounds in which a carbon atom shares a double bond with an oxygen atom, a single bond with a hydrogen atom, and a single bond with another atom or group of atoms (designated R in general …
Aldehyde - Organic, Reactivity, Carboxylic Acids | Britannica
2024年11月15日 · Aldehyde - Organic, Reactivity, Carboxylic Acids: The only structural difference between hydrocarbons and aldehydes is the presence in the latter of the carbonyl group, and it is this group that is responsible for the differences in properties, both physical and chemical.
Characteristics of aldehyde | Britannica
aldehyde, Any of a class of organic compounds that contain a carbonyl group (―C=O; see functional group) in which the carbon atom is bonded to at least one hydrogen atom. Many have characteristic odours. Oxidation (see oxidation-reduction) of aldehydes yields acids; reduction produces alcohols.
Aldehyde - Industrial Uses, Synthesis, Reactions | Britannica
2024年11月15日 · Aldehyde - Industrial Uses, Synthesis, Reactions: Other aldehydes of industrial significance are mainly used as solvents, perfumes, and flavouring agents or as intermediates in the manufacture of plastics, dyes, and pharmaceuticals. Certain aldehydes occur naturally in flavouring agents.
Carbonyl group | Aldehydes, Ketones & Organic Compounds
Carbonyl group, in organic chemistry, a divalent chemical unit consisting of a carbon (C) and an oxygen (O) atom connected by a double bond. The group is a constituent of carboxylic acids, esters, anhydrides, acyl halides, amides, and quinones, and …
Aldehyde - Tautomerism, Reactivity, Carboxylic Acids | Britannica
2024年11月15日 · Aldehyde - Tautomerism, Reactivity, Carboxylic Acids: If an aldehyde possesses at least one hydrogen atom on the carbon atom adjacent to the carbonyl group, called the alpha (α) carbon, this hydrogen can migrate to the oxygen atom of the carbonyl group. The double bond then migrates to the α-carbon.
Carboxylic acid | Structure, Properties, Formula, Uses, & Facts ...
2024年10月8日 · carboxylic acid, any of a class of organic compounds in which a carbon (C) atom is bonded to an oxygen (O) atom by a double bond and to a hydroxyl group (―OH) by a single bond. A fourth bond links the carbon atom to a hydrogen (H) atom or to some other univalent combining group.
Carbohydrate - Structure, Function, Sources | Britannica
2024年10月21日 · By definition, the carbon atom containing the aldehyde or keto group is called the anomeric carbon atom; similarly, carbohydrate stereoisomers that differ in configuration only at this carbon atom are called anomers.
Formyl group | chemical compound | Britannica
A formyl group (―CHO) can be put onto an aromatic ring by several methods (ArH → ArCHO). In one of the most common of these, called the Reimer-Tiemann reaction, phenols (ArOH) are converted to phenolic aldehydes by treatment with chloroform in basic solution.
Ketone | Definition, Properties, & Facts | Britannica
2024年11月15日 · Ketone, any of a class of organic compounds characterized by the presence of a carbonyl group in which the carbon atom is covalently bonded to an oxygen atom. The remaining two bonds are to other carbon atoms or hydrocarbon radicals.