The present study quantifies the impact of the presence of tophi and frequency of acute gout attacks on health-related quality of life (HRQOL), productivity, and healthcare resource utilization.

Uric acid crystals can accumulate under the skin and form lumps called "tophi." Chronic (long-term) gout can cause knee ...

However, given the likely contribution of higher comorbidities to poorer health outcomes among respondents, comorbid status may be confounded with gout flares and tophi in the analyses.

When your body produces too much uric acid and fails to eliminate it effectively, it can lead to health issues such as high or low uric acid levels.