a | The interaction of CTLA-4 on T REG with CD80 and CD86 on DCs transduces a negative signal to DCs that ultimately reduces the potential of DCs to stimulate naive T cells. b | In autoimmunity ...

The inhibitory mechanism of action comes from the ability of these DC secreted CTLA-4+ EVs to bind to the co-stimulatory DC surface markers CD80 and CD86 to prevent T-cell activation. Therefore DC ...